James Overstreet (February 11, 1773 – May 24, 1822) was a U.S. Representative from South Carolina.
Born near Barnwell Court House, Barnwell District, South Carolina, Overstreet attended the common schools. He studied law. He was admitted to the bar in 1798 and commenced practice in Barnwell District. He served as member of the state house of representatives from 1808 to 1813.
Overstreet was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Congresses and served from March 4, 1819, until his death May 24, 1822, at China Grove, North Carolina, while en route to his home from Washington, D.C.. He was interred in Savitz Cemetery at Mount Zion Reformed Church, China Grove, North Carolina.